ALDENHAM PSYCHOLOGY
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  • Paper 1: Research Methods
    • Paper 1: What the paper is like >
      • Research Methodology of the Core Studies
    • The 4 main research methods
    • Populations and Samples
    • Ethical Considerations
    • Self-reports
    • Observations
    • Correlations
    • Experiments
    • Reliability and Validity
    • Descriptive Statistics >
      • Distribution Curves
    • Inferential Statistics
    • Reporting, Referencing and Design your Own >
      • Sections of a Psychology Report
      • Harvard Referencing
      • Peer Review
  • Paper 2: Core Studies
    • Paper 2: What the paper is like
    • Areas and Perspectives >
      • Social Area >
        • Milgram
        • Bocchiaro
        • Piliavin
        • Levine
      • Cognitive Area >
        • Loftus
        • Grant
        • Moray
        • Simons & Chabris
      • Developmental Area >
        • Bandura
        • Chaney
        • Kohlberg
        • Lee
      • Biological Area >
        • Sperry
        • Casey
        • Blakemore and Cooper
        • Maguire
      • Individual Differences Area >
        • Freud
        • Baron Cohen
        • Gould
        • Hancock
      • Behaviourist Perspective
      • Psychodynamic Perspective
    • Debates >
      • Nature v Nurture
      • Free Will v Determinism
      • Reductionism v Holism
      • Individual v Situational
      • Usefulness
      • Ethical Considerations
      • Socially Sensitive Research
      • Psych as a Science
      • Methodological Issues
      • Ethnocentrism
  • Paper 3: Applied Psychology
    • Issues of Mental Health >
      • Historical Context of Mental Health
      • The Medical Model
      • Alternatives to the Medical Model
    • Paper 3: Options
    • Child Psychology >
      • Intelligence
      • Pre-adult brain development
      • Perception
      • Cognitive Development
      • Attachment
      • Impact of Advertising
    • Criminal Psychology >
      • What makes a criminal?
      • Forensic Evidence
      • Collection of Evidence
      • Psychology & the Courtroom
      • Crime Prevention
      • Effect of Imprisonment
    • Environmental Psychology
    • Sport and Exercise Psychology
Cognitive Area
Summary of the Area
Principles of the Cognitive Area    
  • Internal mental processes are important in understanding behaviour.
  • Humans are like information processors; input, process, output. The output or behaviour is due to the mental processing which occurs.
  • Mental processing can be tested scientifically.
 
Types of Behaviour Studied
  • Memory – is it reliable? How should we study?
  • Attention – what will get our attention and what won’t?
 
Practical Applications
  • Issues of Mental Health – using CBT to think differently (cognitive) about the problems being faced.
  • Child Psychology – how do you get students to learn and revise better?
  • Criminal Psychology – how can you stop judges & juries being prejudiced?
 
Debate it strongly links with
It illustrates that psychology is a science because experiments are used and its research is highly standardised and so replicable.
 
Strengths
  • Scientific & provides accurate unbiased data.
  • Quantitative data
  • Useful – lots of practical applications e.g. when interviewing witnesses the police should avoid using leading questions
 
Weaknesses
  • Reductionist - ignores biological causes of behaviour
  • Usually studied through laboratory experiments which may lack mundane realism and ecological validity
  • The only way to study mental processes is through self-report or the behaviours that are shown because of it.
 
Research Methods
  • Laboratory experiments - high control of variables
  • Case studies (e.g. of brain damaged patients in memory
 
Methodological Issues
  • Reliability is usually good due to high control of variables
  • Experiments are replicable due to standardised procedure
  • Validity is good as IV can be isolated and measurement is objective e.g.:
  • Low ecological validity and mundane realism as the setting/tasks are often artificial
  • Snapshot studies
 
Core Studies
  • Loftus
  • Grant
  • Moray
  • Simons & Chabris
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  • Everything else
    • Independent Learning
    • Transition >
      • UCAS >
        • Criminology
        • Year 13 Pre-U Programme
    • Revision
    • Exams >
      • Mock & Internal Exams
      • Past papers
    • Assessment Objectives
    • For Teachers
    • For Parents
    • Classrooms
    • Trips
    • Aldenham Attributes >
      • Aspiration
      • Co-operation
      • Courage
      • Curiosity
      • Independence
      • Respect
  • Paper 1: Research Methods
    • Paper 1: What the paper is like >
      • Research Methodology of the Core Studies
    • The 4 main research methods
    • Populations and Samples
    • Ethical Considerations
    • Self-reports
    • Observations
    • Correlations
    • Experiments
    • Reliability and Validity
    • Descriptive Statistics >
      • Distribution Curves
    • Inferential Statistics
    • Reporting, Referencing and Design your Own >
      • Sections of a Psychology Report
      • Harvard Referencing
      • Peer Review
  • Paper 2: Core Studies
    • Paper 2: What the paper is like
    • Areas and Perspectives >
      • Social Area >
        • Milgram
        • Bocchiaro
        • Piliavin
        • Levine
      • Cognitive Area >
        • Loftus
        • Grant
        • Moray
        • Simons & Chabris
      • Developmental Area >
        • Bandura
        • Chaney
        • Kohlberg
        • Lee
      • Biological Area >
        • Sperry
        • Casey
        • Blakemore and Cooper
        • Maguire
      • Individual Differences Area >
        • Freud
        • Baron Cohen
        • Gould
        • Hancock
      • Behaviourist Perspective
      • Psychodynamic Perspective
    • Debates >
      • Nature v Nurture
      • Free Will v Determinism
      • Reductionism v Holism
      • Individual v Situational
      • Usefulness
      • Ethical Considerations
      • Socially Sensitive Research
      • Psych as a Science
      • Methodological Issues
      • Ethnocentrism
  • Paper 3: Applied Psychology
    • Issues of Mental Health >
      • Historical Context of Mental Health
      • The Medical Model
      • Alternatives to the Medical Model
    • Paper 3: Options
    • Child Psychology >
      • Intelligence
      • Pre-adult brain development
      • Perception
      • Cognitive Development
      • Attachment
      • Impact of Advertising
    • Criminal Psychology >
      • What makes a criminal?
      • Forensic Evidence
      • Collection of Evidence
      • Psychology & the Courtroom
      • Crime Prevention
      • Effect of Imprisonment
    • Environmental Psychology
    • Sport and Exercise Psychology